What is John Dewey’s Theory of Experiential Learning? 

John Dewey, an American philosopher and educator, is widely regarded as one of the most influential thinkers in the field of education. His theory of experiential learning, developed in the early 20th century, emphasises the importance of learning through direct experience, interaction and reflection. Dewey believed that education should not be a passive process of absorbing information but rather an active, dynamic process where learners engage with their environment and make meaning from their experiences. This philosophy of learning underpins modern educational frameworks, particularly in early learning centres. 

Fostering deeper understanding and critical thinking 

Dewey’s theory centres on the idea that education should be grounded in real-life experiences, allowing learners to connect theory to practice. According to Dewey, effective learning occurs when students engage with the world around them, explore ideas and reflect on their experiences. He identified two key components of experiential learning: active participation and reflective thinking. Active participation involves learners engaging in hands-on activities, while reflective thinking requires them to process, analyse and make sense of their experiences. Together, these elements foster deeper understanding and critical thinking. 

Prioritising play-based, child centred learning 

This theory has profound implications for curriculum development in early childhood education. In early learning centres, Dewey’s ideas are integrated into curricula that prioritise play-based, child-centred learning. For example, educators in these centres design activities that allow children to explore their environment, interact with peers and engage in creative problem-solving. These activities may include hands-on experiments, group projects and opportunities for free play—each designed to allow children to learn through discovery and experimentation, rather than through rote memorisation. 

Aligned with EYLF 

In New South Wales (NSW), Australia, Dewey’s ideas are reflected in the Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF), which guides early childhood education and care. The EYLF emphasises learning through play, holistic development and respect for children’s ideas and interests. By focusing on active learning experiences and promoting reflective practices, the EYLF aligns closely with Dewey’s approach to education. It encourages educators to create environments where children are active participants in their learning, exploring and problem-solving in a supportive, responsive context. 

Helping children thrive in the future 

John Dewey’s theory of experiential learning remains a cornerstone of modern education, especially in early learning centres in NSW. His ideas have shaped curricula that prioritise hands-on, reflective and inquiry-based learning, ensuring that children are not just recipients of knowledge but active creators of their learning journey. By fostering critical thinking, creativity and curiosity, Dewey’s philosophy helps nurture well-rounded individuals prepared for the challenges of the future.